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The TCP/IP Guide  9  TCP/IP Lower-Layer (Interface, Internet and Transport) Protocols (OSI Layers 2, 3 and 4)       9  TCP/IP Transport Layer Protocols            9  Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)                 9  TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)                      9  TCP Message Formatting and Data Transfer

TCP Immediate Data Transfer: "Push" Function 1 2 TCP Reliability and Flow Control Features and Protocol Modifications

Prioritizing Data For Transfer

TCP provides a means for a process to prioritize the sending of data in the form of its “urgent” feature. To use it, the process that needs to send urgent data enables the function and sends the urgent data to its TCP layer. TCP then creates a special TCP segment that has the URG control bit set to 1. It also sets the Urgent Pointer field to an offset value that points to the last byte of urgent data in the segment. So, for example, if the segment contained 400 bytes of urgent data followed by 200 bytes of regular data, the URG bit would be set and the Urgent Pointer field would have a value of 400.

Upon receipt of a segment with the URG flag set to 1, the receiving device looks at the Urgent Pointer and from its value determines which data in the segment is urgent. It then forwards the urgent data to the process with an indication that the data is marked as urgent by the sender. The rest of the data in the segment is processed normally.

Since we typically want to send urgent data, well, urgently, it makes sense that when such data is given to TCP, the “push” function is usually also invoked. This ensures that the urgent data is sent as soon as possible by the transmitting TCP and also forwarded up the protocol stack right away by the receiving TCP. Again, we need to remember that this does not guarantee the contents of the urgent segment. Using the “push” function may mean the segment contains only urgent data with no non-urgent data following, but again, an application cannot assume that this will always be the case.

TCP Immediate Data Transfer: "Push" Function 1 2 TCP Reliability and Flow Control Features and Protocol Modifications